This question has consumed much of my thoughts over the last few weeks.
I must admit that I've heard rumblings in the past about the abortive effect of the pill, but always passed it off as an "extreme" or "uninformed" opinion. Not only has my doctor told me that the pill prevents ovulation, but the oral contraceptive pill is also widely accepted among evangelicals and is often recommended by Christian doctors as a valid option for birth control. Surely they could not all be wrong!
My views were challenged recently while listening to a sermon by Dr. Mohler entitled
Naked and Not Ashamed: Message 2-- Reproductive Techniques and Contraception . In this message he says we should be careful about using new technology, because it can have significant ethical consequences. We shouldn't assume that the technologies are neutral or even good, and he also mentions that there is research that shows that some oral contraceptive pills cause abortions.
Since then, I have done a fair amount of reading on the issue and found that pro-life doctors are divided. It seems to come down to the fact that there is simply not enough research done to show conclusively whether the claimed abortive back up mechanism actually takes place. The hormones in the pill cause changes in the endometrium (inner lining of the uterus) which is said to reduce the likelihood of the implantation of a fertilized egg should ovulation occur.
I searched various websites of pastors and ministries that I trust, but found very little on the subject. Desiring God ministries does make a statement about birth control. I was surprised, but somewhat relieved to find that they are
not against the use of "artificial" birth control, and even link to an article called, "
Why Pro-Life Advocates Should Not Link Abortion to Contraception in Public Debates."
While there are many good articles by pro-life physicians representing each side of the argument, discovering the truth can be difficult because everyone is contradicting each other. There are many theories in circulation and
much conjecture. After reading many of these articles, I found I was more informed, but also more confused.
The best booklet that I read on the subject is by a pastor named Randy Alcorn who believes the birth control pill
is abortive. I have yet to hear of anyone else who has compiled such thorough research. It seems that he uses less conjecture and more fact as he has extensive documentation to back up his statements. He has consulted the
Physician's Desk Reference, medical journals and textbooks, the pill manufacturers, and many physicians and pharmacists. The whole booklet can be found online
here.
Some other articles I found helpful were the following:
Hormone Contraceptives Controversies and Clarifications(Authored by four Christian ProLife Obstetrician-Gynecologists who feel the pill is
not abortive.)
Birth Control Pill: Abortifacient and Contraceptive(Physicians who believe the pill
is abortive.)
Do Oral Contraceptives Cause Abortions?(Prolife Physicians who discuss the points of disagreement within the prolife community and take a neutral position.)
Is the Oral Contraceptive Pill an Abortifacient?(A pharmacologist's article written in response to a critique of Alcorn's position.)